HO Model Trains - HO Model Railroads
HO scale is 1:87 size with 16.5mm track gauge and a minimum radius of 15
inches. HO model trains are an excellent size to appreciate the detail and
running performance without being too cramped. Also, many HO model train
enthusiasts say that ho trains are ideal for running using a digital setup. And, if
you’re looking for model trains that require lots of switching operations then HO
model trains are well worth considering.
About N Scale Model Trains
N scale model trains have the advantage of taking up less space than the HO
model trains. N scale model trains are in fact 54.5 percent the size of equivalent
HO model trains. This means that you can build an N scale model train layout in
an area about 30% of that area needed to build a similar HO model train layout.
If space is an issue then an N scale model trains could be the answer. N Scale
model trains allow for more complex and realistic model train layouts in limited
space. Curves can be made much more gradual with N scale model trains. The
smaller size of N scale greatly reduces the need to utilize unrealistically sharp
curves to reverse the direction of the train on a layout.
Scale And Gauge Explained
The terms scale and gauge are two of the most confused terms in the model
railroad hobby. The SCALE proportion is expressed as a fraction of a real life-
sized train. As an example, HO scale model trains are 1/87 the size of real life-
sized trains.
For model trains, track GAUGE is the width between the inside running edge of
the rails. For toy trains, gauge is the measurement from the center of the two
outside rails.
Do train tracks have the same gauge?
No they don't, but there are two main types: standard gauge and narrow gauge.
In the US, Canada and most European countries, trains run on “standard
gauge.”
Narrow Gauge Track On Model Railroads
Narrow gauge equipment maintains the scale, but runs on a smaller gauge of
track. Narrow gauge track is seldom used on main line railroads. Narrow Gauge
track was generally laid in areas where rail traffic was light, curves may have
needed to be tight, and cost was a major issue. Most popular in mining spurs,
logging spurs, and scenic tourist rails where low speeds were usual.
Model Trains And Those Narrow Gauge Numbers
In model railroading, narrow gauge models use the lower case letter "n" to
follow the scale and then the track gauge in scale feet. Example: HOn3 means
HO scale (1:87 proportion narrow gauge 3 feet between the tracks.). HOn2
would be HO scale narrow gauge 2 feet between the tracks.
There are few narrow gauge railroads still in operation. Some have been
converted to the standard railroad system. Others have been dismantled and
turned into scrap. Even though narrow gauge railroads were inexpensive to
build, off loading and on loading became too much of an expense. Each time a
narrow gauge railroad met a standard gauge railroad, shipments would have to
be unloaded and reloaded.
HO scale is 1:87 size with 16.5mm track gauge and a minimum radius of 15
inches. HO model trains are an excellent size to appreciate the detail and
running performance without being too cramped. Also, many HO model train
enthusiasts say that ho trains are ideal for running using a digital setup. And, if
you’re looking for model trains that require lots of switching operations then HO
model trains are well worth considering.
About N Scale Model Trains
N scale model trains have the advantage of taking up less space than the HO
model trains. N scale model trains are in fact 54.5 percent the size of equivalent
HO model trains. This means that you can build an N scale model train layout in
an area about 30% of that area needed to build a similar HO model train layout.
If space is an issue then an N scale model trains could be the answer. N Scale
model trains allow for more complex and realistic model train layouts in limited
space. Curves can be made much more gradual with N scale model trains. The
smaller size of N scale greatly reduces the need to utilize unrealistically sharp
curves to reverse the direction of the train on a layout.
Scale And Gauge Explained
The terms scale and gauge are two of the most confused terms in the model
railroad hobby. The SCALE proportion is expressed as a fraction of a real life-
sized train. As an example, HO scale model trains are 1/87 the size of real life-
sized trains.
For model trains, track GAUGE is the width between the inside running edge of
the rails. For toy trains, gauge is the measurement from the center of the two
outside rails.
Do train tracks have the same gauge?
No they don't, but there are two main types: standard gauge and narrow gauge.
In the US, Canada and most European countries, trains run on “standard
gauge.”
Narrow Gauge Track On Model Railroads
Narrow gauge equipment maintains the scale, but runs on a smaller gauge of
track. Narrow gauge track is seldom used on main line railroads. Narrow Gauge
track was generally laid in areas where rail traffic was light, curves may have
needed to be tight, and cost was a major issue. Most popular in mining spurs,
logging spurs, and scenic tourist rails where low speeds were usual.
Model Trains And Those Narrow Gauge Numbers
In model railroading, narrow gauge models use the lower case letter "n" to
follow the scale and then the track gauge in scale feet. Example: HOn3 means
HO scale (1:87 proportion narrow gauge 3 feet between the tracks.). HOn2
would be HO scale narrow gauge 2 feet between the tracks.
There are few narrow gauge railroads still in operation. Some have been
converted to the standard railroad system. Others have been dismantled and
turned into scrap. Even though narrow gauge railroads were inexpensive to
build, off loading and on loading became too much of an expense. Each time a
narrow gauge railroad met a standard gauge railroad, shipments would have to
be unloaded and reloaded.
| Model Railroad Questions Answered |
Model Railroaders
(beginners and
experienced) were
asked to submit
questions they wanted
answered.
It was like opening the
floodgates! The
questions came in thick
and fast, including a lot
of questions on Analog
verses DCC and
advanced electronics.
Clear concise answers
to all the questions are
laid out in the Model
Train Help Ebook.
(beginners and
experienced) were
asked to submit
questions they wanted
answered.
It was like opening the
floodgates! The
questions came in thick
and fast, including a lot
of questions on Analog
verses DCC and
advanced electronics.
Clear concise answers
to all the questions are
laid out in the Model
Train Help Ebook.
| Sample Of The Model Railroad Questions That Get Answered |
If I install a larger motor
in my locomotive will I
be able to pull more
cars?
What's wrong when a
part of the track will not
work? How do I go
about fixing it?
Should I replace my
horn-hook couplers with
knuckle couplers?
What is rust-busting, a
talgo truck, "head-end"
traffic, a green wave
for freight trains?
What is meant by
"code", as in code 40
track? Is a locomotive
change-over the same
as shunting?
Which rails should I
use - brass, steel or
nickel-silver?
How do I make plastic
buildings look real? Why
do some buildings look
translucent?
Should electric feed
wires be included every
couple of feet or should
I solder rail joiners?
What is a bridge rectifier
and what does it do?
When I buy a track
switch, what is meant
by 'No. 4 turnout' or 'No.
8 turnout'?
Running techniques for
a locomotive on a
reversing loop. What
about stopping the loco
on the loop and
throwing the switch?
What is a decoder and
can I run an analog
locomotive on a DCC
system without a
decoder?
Can I just put a decoder
in my old analog
engines?
Are 'O-gauge' and
'O-scale' the same
thing?
Is there a right and
wrong way to cut track?
If I have limited space
what should I leave out
from my model railroad
layout?
What is a classification
yard and how does it
work? What are the yard
options for my model
railroad?
Should I have a
run-around track and
dedicated lead track?
What's a Capacitor
Discharge Unit and a
Solenoid Motor and
what do they do?
What's the difference
between DC and DCC?
What do I need to start
or convert my analog
model railroad layout to
a DCC system?
What's the difference
between service mode
and operations mode?
Can I control turnouts
with DCC?
What's a booster? Will
the ampere rating of a
booster and power
supply limit how many
locos I can run at the
same time?
What causes a train to
short out on a turnout?
Clear concise answers
to these questions
along with hundreds of
other model railroading
tips and ideas are
included in the Model
Train Help Ebook.
And yes! This model
railroading book also
includes an expanded
section on scenery
building, analogue and
DCC, and a selection of
TRACK PLANS for you
to study and use along
with a comprehensive
list of useful model
railroading resources.
in my locomotive will I
be able to pull more
cars?
What's wrong when a
part of the track will not
work? How do I go
about fixing it?
Should I replace my
horn-hook couplers with
knuckle couplers?
What is rust-busting, a
talgo truck, "head-end"
traffic, a green wave
for freight trains?
What is meant by
"code", as in code 40
track? Is a locomotive
change-over the same
as shunting?
Which rails should I
use - brass, steel or
nickel-silver?
How do I make plastic
buildings look real? Why
do some buildings look
translucent?
Should electric feed
wires be included every
couple of feet or should
I solder rail joiners?
What is a bridge rectifier
and what does it do?
When I buy a track
switch, what is meant
by 'No. 4 turnout' or 'No.
8 turnout'?
Running techniques for
a locomotive on a
reversing loop. What
about stopping the loco
on the loop and
throwing the switch?
What is a decoder and
can I run an analog
locomotive on a DCC
system without a
decoder?
Can I just put a decoder
in my old analog
engines?
Are 'O-gauge' and
'O-scale' the same
thing?
Is there a right and
wrong way to cut track?
If I have limited space
what should I leave out
from my model railroad
layout?
What is a classification
yard and how does it
work? What are the yard
options for my model
railroad?
Should I have a
run-around track and
dedicated lead track?
What's a Capacitor
Discharge Unit and a
Solenoid Motor and
what do they do?
What's the difference
between DC and DCC?
What do I need to start
or convert my analog
model railroad layout to
a DCC system?
What's the difference
between service mode
and operations mode?
Can I control turnouts
with DCC?
What's a booster? Will
the ampere rating of a
booster and power
supply limit how many
locos I can run at the
same time?
What causes a train to
short out on a turnout?
Clear concise answers
to these questions
along with hundreds of
other model railroading
tips and ideas are
included in the Model
Train Help Ebook.
And yes! This model
railroading book also
includes an expanded
section on scenery
building, analogue and
DCC, and a selection of
TRACK PLANS for you
to study and use along
with a comprehensive
list of useful model
railroading resources.
Creating a great model
railroad is both challenging
and fun …especially if you
have guidance from someone
who's been there.
Model Train Help is the perfect
resource for model railroading
enthusiasts who want
answers to everyday model
railroading questions -
including tips, clever ideas and
solutions to model railroading
problems.
railroad is both challenging
and fun …especially if you
have guidance from someone
who's been there.
Model Train Help is the perfect
resource for model railroading
enthusiasts who want
answers to everyday model
railroading questions -
including tips, clever ideas and
solutions to model railroading
problems.
|
The Workings Of Model Train Power Supply
Most model trains run on low voltage. Unlike the AC electrical circuit in your
house, the electricity that moves your locos is DC, ie. Direct Current. The supply
to your model railroad layout comes by plugging a power pack (also called a
transformer) into a wall socket that takes the AC supply, steps it down to the 12-
15 volts needed to run the trains and up to 18 volts for the accessories.
The model train transformer converts the output to DC, filters the DC to purify it,
then outputs the supply from the terminals on the back of your controller, along a
couple of wires to the tracks where it is picked up by your locomotives wheels,
turning the motor within. The throttle control varies the voltage to the rails,
changing the speed of the motor and consequently the rate your locomotive
moves down the track.
DC electricity is directional, so the electricity flows along the wires in a certain
direction, and the locomotive moves in the direction set by the directional switch
on your controller (or left and right if your controller has a centre off type control
knob).
There are, however, exceptions to using DC for trains - if you have Lionel or
Marklin, they operate on controlled AC power with 3 rail track.
Importance Of Model Train Transformers
There is a big choice when it comes to model train transformers. They come in
all shapes and sizes depending on your requirements. All model train set
transformers contain a few basic components, including a transformer to
provide the 12 volts, a throttle to vary tile output voltage, and a direction switch to
control the polarity of the circuit. Model train set transformers also have screw
terminals for the track (which is DC) and AC accessory connections.
Larger units may include a larger power supply as well as additional electronic
features such as: operating modes, pilot lights and meters, and multiple
terminals for accessories such as add-on walkaround throttle units. These
units make it easier to operate your train, enabling you to follow it as it moves
around the track, rather than standing in one spot and watching it.
How To Get A Long Life From A Transformer
A quality model train transformer, when treated properly, should have a lifespan
of 30+ years.
The golden rule is to ALWAYS operate the model train transformer within its
rating. It is also important to keep the transformer dry and avoid damp areas
(take particular care in basement locations).
When not using your model train layout unplug the transformer. Don't walk away
and leave it plugged in and unattended as it could start a fire. If a transformer
gives off a burning odor, or expels smoke, heed these warning signs and
immediately replace it or take it in for servicing.
A loud BUZZING noise coming from a transformer could be due to the
transformer's core laminations moving. Servicing would be needed as this
vibration can cause damage to insulation in contact with the moving metal.
A transformer's circuit breaker can trip occasionally. If this happens simply
unplug the transformer and let it cool off. The transformer will usually work again
after it has cooled down. However, if the transformer continues to trip without a
load, it will need servicing to fix the problem.
One more thing; NEVER use a transformer with a damaged, split, or cracked
power cord. If in doubt have the transformer serviced immediately.
Analog Model Train Layouts Explained
An Analog model railroad layout is simply a conventional model railroad with
conventional analog controls [DC or AC] to provide a power feed to a piece of
track. Any locomotive that is on that piece of track will respond by moving
forwards or backwards. The speed and direction of a model train is controlled
by varying the voltage and polarity on the rails. The higher the voltage , the faster
the locomotive moves, the lower the voltage, the slower the locomotive moves.
DCC Model Train Layouts Explained
DCC stands for Digital Command Control. DCC is a system that allows model
railroad layouts to independently operate multiple locomotives, functions
(speed, sound, lighting, direction, movement) and accessories rather than
control of sections of track. This is achieved by locating a decoder in the
locomotive that listens to information in the track.
Command Control On Model Train Layouts
The command station on a model train layout is the brains of any DCC system
(besides the engineer!). The command station is basically a dedicated
computer that communicates with all other parts of the DCC system. The
command station processes the signals from one or more throttles, and
transmits them to the track via a 'booster'. The throttles connect to the command
station either directly via the socket on the unit or via a 'network' for more than
one throttle.
Take care when selecting the brand and model of command station for your
model train layout, because it is the key to selecting the type of throttle controls
as well as system features that can be expanded on.
How To Know If A Locomotive Has A Decoder Fitted
When purchasing a locomotive with a decoder installed, look for the wording
"DCC equipped", or "Factory installed decoder", or "W/DCC", or wording like that.
Be careful though, because the words "DCC Ready" usually means that the
locomotive is capable of having a decoder installed and that one is NOT already
installed. I repeat, "DCC ready" usually means there is NO decoder fitted, but
the wiring inside the locomotive is terminated with a socket, ready for addition of
a "Plug and Play" decoder. This is an easy installation, no soldering.
If you are still unsure whether or not a locomotive has DCC status, you can try
this test. Place the locomotive on the program track of a DCC system. See if the
command station can read CVs... and if it can't... then no decoder is fitted. Also,
without a decoder fitted, the loco would “hum” with the throttle set at "0".
If the locomotive responds to the throttle on a DC system, then either there is
NO decoder, or the locomotive may have a decoder that has analog operation
enabled.
If in doubt, it is always best to get clarification from the hobby store staff, or from
the manufacturer or person supplying the locomotive.
Most model trains run on low voltage. Unlike the AC electrical circuit in your
house, the electricity that moves your locos is DC, ie. Direct Current. The supply
to your model railroad layout comes by plugging a power pack (also called a
transformer) into a wall socket that takes the AC supply, steps it down to the 12-
15 volts needed to run the trains and up to 18 volts for the accessories.
The model train transformer converts the output to DC, filters the DC to purify it,
then outputs the supply from the terminals on the back of your controller, along a
couple of wires to the tracks where it is picked up by your locomotives wheels,
turning the motor within. The throttle control varies the voltage to the rails,
changing the speed of the motor and consequently the rate your locomotive
moves down the track.
DC electricity is directional, so the electricity flows along the wires in a certain
direction, and the locomotive moves in the direction set by the directional switch
on your controller (or left and right if your controller has a centre off type control
knob).
There are, however, exceptions to using DC for trains - if you have Lionel or
Marklin, they operate on controlled AC power with 3 rail track.
Importance Of Model Train Transformers
There is a big choice when it comes to model train transformers. They come in
all shapes and sizes depending on your requirements. All model train set
transformers contain a few basic components, including a transformer to
provide the 12 volts, a throttle to vary tile output voltage, and a direction switch to
control the polarity of the circuit. Model train set transformers also have screw
terminals for the track (which is DC) and AC accessory connections.
Larger units may include a larger power supply as well as additional electronic
features such as: operating modes, pilot lights and meters, and multiple
terminals for accessories such as add-on walkaround throttle units. These
units make it easier to operate your train, enabling you to follow it as it moves
around the track, rather than standing in one spot and watching it.
How To Get A Long Life From A Transformer
A quality model train transformer, when treated properly, should have a lifespan
of 30+ years.
The golden rule is to ALWAYS operate the model train transformer within its
rating. It is also important to keep the transformer dry and avoid damp areas
(take particular care in basement locations).
When not using your model train layout unplug the transformer. Don't walk away
and leave it plugged in and unattended as it could start a fire. If a transformer
gives off a burning odor, or expels smoke, heed these warning signs and
immediately replace it or take it in for servicing.
A loud BUZZING noise coming from a transformer could be due to the
transformer's core laminations moving. Servicing would be needed as this
vibration can cause damage to insulation in contact with the moving metal.
A transformer's circuit breaker can trip occasionally. If this happens simply
unplug the transformer and let it cool off. The transformer will usually work again
after it has cooled down. However, if the transformer continues to trip without a
load, it will need servicing to fix the problem.
One more thing; NEVER use a transformer with a damaged, split, or cracked
power cord. If in doubt have the transformer serviced immediately.
Analog Model Train Layouts Explained
An Analog model railroad layout is simply a conventional model railroad with
conventional analog controls [DC or AC] to provide a power feed to a piece of
track. Any locomotive that is on that piece of track will respond by moving
forwards or backwards. The speed and direction of a model train is controlled
by varying the voltage and polarity on the rails. The higher the voltage , the faster
the locomotive moves, the lower the voltage, the slower the locomotive moves.
DCC Model Train Layouts Explained
DCC stands for Digital Command Control. DCC is a system that allows model
railroad layouts to independently operate multiple locomotives, functions
(speed, sound, lighting, direction, movement) and accessories rather than
control of sections of track. This is achieved by locating a decoder in the
locomotive that listens to information in the track.
Command Control On Model Train Layouts
The command station on a model train layout is the brains of any DCC system
(besides the engineer!). The command station is basically a dedicated
computer that communicates with all other parts of the DCC system. The
command station processes the signals from one or more throttles, and
transmits them to the track via a 'booster'. The throttles connect to the command
station either directly via the socket on the unit or via a 'network' for more than
one throttle.
Take care when selecting the brand and model of command station for your
model train layout, because it is the key to selecting the type of throttle controls
as well as system features that can be expanded on.
How To Know If A Locomotive Has A Decoder Fitted
When purchasing a locomotive with a decoder installed, look for the wording
"DCC equipped", or "Factory installed decoder", or "W/DCC", or wording like that.
Be careful though, because the words "DCC Ready" usually means that the
locomotive is capable of having a decoder installed and that one is NOT already
installed. I repeat, "DCC ready" usually means there is NO decoder fitted, but
the wiring inside the locomotive is terminated with a socket, ready for addition of
a "Plug and Play" decoder. This is an easy installation, no soldering.
If you are still unsure whether or not a locomotive has DCC status, you can try
this test. Place the locomotive on the program track of a DCC system. See if the
command station can read CVs... and if it can't... then no decoder is fitted. Also,
without a decoder fitted, the loco would “hum” with the throttle set at "0".
If the locomotive responds to the throttle on a DC system, then either there is
NO decoder, or the locomotive may have a decoder that has analog operation
enabled.
If in doubt, it is always best to get clarification from the hobby store staff, or from
the manufacturer or person supplying the locomotive.
| Copyright © Robert Anderson and Market Leaders Ebooks. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policy |
Help For Model Railroad Enthusiasts
Model-Railroad-Resources.com
Model-Railroad-Resources.com
| Power Packs For Small Model Train Layouts Small model train layouts can get by with the basic power pack (transformer) that comes with many starter model train sets. Remember, that a starter model train set power pack probably won't have a much extra power. Also, it may not have a circuit breaker to prevent burn-outs. If however, the locomotive you've purchased doesn't have a powerful engine, then this type of power pack may be all you need to get started with your model train layout. N Scale Model Trains Use Less Space With N scale model trains a three-foot wide layout could accommodate up to a 213 scale foot radius. The smaller N scale model trains are also more accommodating to larger quantities of cars in a train. So, if you like the idea of long trains going through towering landscape, then an N scale model trains might be best for you. What is NTRAK Model Railroading? NTRAK is an international grass roots association of model railroaders which has created a set of standards that anyone may use to build N Scale model train modules, or model train layout sections. These sections join together to form large portable model train layouts. These modular train layouts have the flexibility to fit into areas of different size and shape, from warehouses to small bedrooms. Modelling small sections enables even those who live in townhouses or apartments to enjoy the hobby model railroading. NTRAK also connects together with model railroading enthusiasts who follow the NTRAK Standard the world over. |
